Understanding the quark and gluon structure of hadrons is one of the central goals of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Traditionally, this structure has been explored through cross sections differential in identified hadrons or jets. In this talk, I will discuss an emerging alternative based on energy correlators, which characterize patterns of energy flow in collider final states. In analogy with standard fragmentation functions, energy-correlator observables can be formulated to retain direct connections to single-hadron and dihadron fragmentation, including their polarization dependence, while providing an infrared-safe and theoretically clean framework for relating perturbative parton dynamics to nonperturbative hadron structure. I will then discuss how this perspective opens new opportunities for probing transverse-momentum, spin, and small-x gluon structure, with applications ranging from the LHC to the future Electron-Ion Collider. These developments suggest that energy correlators are not only precision observables for perturbative QCD, but also a powerful new class of probes of hadron structure.