Incompleteness theorems for observables in general relativity

Aristotelis Panagiotopoulos (U of Vienna)

Aug 25. 2025, 14:30 — 15:30

Formulating a theory of quantum gravity is a major open problem in mathematical physics. Some of the core technical and epistemological difficulties come from the fact that General Relativity (GR) is ‘generally covariant’, i.e. invariant under change of coordinates by the arbitrary diffeomorphism of the ambient manifold. The Problem of Observables is a famous instance of the difficulties that general covariance brings into quantization: no non-trivial diffeomorphism-invariant quantity has ever been reported on the collection of all spacetimes. It turns out that there is a good reason for this. In this talk, I will present my joint work with Marios Christodoulou and George Sparling, where we employ methods from Descriptive Set Theory in order to show that, even in the space of all vacuum solutions, no complete observables can be Borel definable. That is, the problem of observables is to ‘analysis’ what the Delian problem is to `straightedge and compass’.

Further Information
Venue:
ESI Schrödinger and Boltzmann Lecture Hall
Recordings:
Recording
Associated Event:
Reverse Mathematics (Thematic Programme)
Organizer(s):
Juan Aguilera (TU Vienna)
Linda Brown Westrick (Penn State U)
Noam Greenberg (Victoria U of Wellington)
Denis Hirschfeldt (U of Chicago)