The Poisson ratio of the cellular actin cortex is frequency-dependent

Elisabeth Fischer-Friedrich (TU Dresden)

Apr 13. 2021, 15:00 — 15:25

Cell shape changes are vital for many physiological processes such as cell proliferation, cell migration and morphogenesis. They emerge from an orchestrated interplay of active cellular force generation and passive cellular force response - both crucially influenced by the actin cytoskeleton. To model cellular force response and deformation, cell mechanical models commonly describe the actin cytoskeleton as a contractile isotropic incompressible material. However, in particular at slow frequencies, there is no compelling reason to assume incompressibility as the water content of the cytoskeleton may change. Here we challenge the assumption of incompressibility by comparing computer simulations of an isotropic actin cortex with tunable Poisson ratio  to measured cellular force response. Comparing simulation results and experimental data, we determine the Poisson ratio of the cortex in a frequency-dependent manner. We find that the Poisson ratio of the cortex decreases in the measured frequency regime analogous to trends reported for the Poisson ratio of glassy materials.  Our results therefore indicate that actin cortex compression or dilation is possible in response to acting forces at sufficiently fast time scales. This finding has important implications for the parametrisation to active gel theories that describe actin cytoskeletal dynamics.

Further Information
Venue:
Erwin Schrödinger Institute - virtual
Recordings:
Recording
Associated Event:
Interdisciplinary Challenges in Nonequilibrium Physics (Online Workshop)
Organizer(s):
Demian Levis (U Barcelona)
Emanuele Locatelli (U of Vienna)
Jan Smrek (U of Vienna)
Francesco Turci (U Bristol)